What Are Lawyers Called in England? Understanding Legal Titles in the UK
May 12, 2025
What Are Lawyers Called in England? Understanding Legal Titles in the UK
Lawyer Titles in England
In England, lawyers are referred to by different titles depending on their specific role and function within the legal system. Unlike in many other countries, where the term "lawyer" is used as a catch-all for legal professionals, England has a more nuanced system with distinct roles. The two main types of legal professionals in England are barristers and solicitors, and understanding their roles and titles can provide insight into the legal profession.
1. Solicitors
A solicitor is a legal professional who provides advice and support to clients, helps with legal documents, and can represent clients in lower courts. Solicitors in England are usually the first point of contact for individuals and businesses seeking legal help. They handle tasks such as drafting contracts, advising on legal matters, and managing transactions.
Solicitors can also specialize in different areas of law, such as family law, criminal law, or corporate law. While they may appear in the lower courts, solicitors do not have the right to represent clients in higher courts unless they have further qualifications.
2. Barristers
Barristers are legal professionals who specialize in courtroom advocacy and representation in higher courts. Unlike solicitors, barristers have the right to appear in all courts, including the Supreme Court. Barristers are often referred to by clients through solicitors, as solicitors are the ones who deal directly with clients in most legal matters.
Barristers provide specialist legal advice on complex issues, draft legal arguments, and advocate on behalf of their clients in trials. They are often considered experts in litigation and are known for their ability to argue cases effectively in court.
In the UK, barristers are typically self-employed and work in chambers, which are groups of barristers who share office space and resources.
3. Legal Executives
In addition to solicitors and barristers, there are also legal executives, who are legal professionals that specialize in certain areas of law. They usually have more specific expertise in areas such as criminal law or property law. Legal executives are not as widely known as solicitors and barristers, but they can perform similar tasks, including representing clients in certain courts and drafting legal documents.
Difference Between Barristers and Solicitors
Understanding the difference between barristers and solicitors is essential to grasping the structure of the legal profession in England. These two roles have distinct responsibilities and operate in different parts of the legal process.
1. Roles and Responsibilities
Solicitors are primarily responsible for client interaction, legal research, and preparation of legal documents. They often serve as the first point of contact for clients who need legal help. They provide advice, manage cases, and can represent clients in lower courts.
Barristers, on the other hand, are specialists in courtroom advocacy. They are called in for their expertise in litigation, representing clients in more complex or higher-level court cases, including appeals and judicial reviews. Barristers do not typically deal with clients directly unless instructed by a solicitor.
2. Training and Qualification
Solicitors typically complete a law degree or a conversion course, followed by the Legal Practice Course (LPC), which includes practical training. Afterward, they enter a training contract at a law firm, where they gain practical experience before becoming fully qualified.
Barristers undergo a different training process. They must complete the Bar Professional Training Course (BPTC) and then undertake a period of pupillage, which is akin to an apprenticeship, before being called to the bar. Only after completing these stages can they represent clients in higher courts.
3. Working Environment
Solicitors usually work in law firms or in-house legal departments, advising businesses or individuals and handling legal transactions.
Barristers typically work as independent practitioners within chambers, sharing office space with other barristers. They may be hired by solicitors to represent clients in higher courts.
Other Legal Professionals in England
In addition to solicitors and barristers, there are other legal professionals who play essential roles within the English legal system.
1. Paralegals
Paralegals assist solicitors and barristers by providing support in the preparation of legal cases. They conduct research, draft documents, and assist with administrative tasks. While they do not provide legal advice or represent clients in court, they are an integral part of the legal team.
2. Judges
Judges are legal professionals who preside over court cases and make decisions on legal matters. They interpret the law, assess the evidence presented during trials, and determine outcomes. Judges in England are usually appointed from experienced barristers, having gained significant expertise in law and litigation.
3. Notaries
Notaries in England are specialized lawyers who certify documents, administer oaths, and carry out other functions related to legal documentation. Notaries are especially important in international legal transactions and often handle legal matters that involve foreign countries or foreign laws.
How to Become a Barrister or Solicitor in England
Becoming a lawyer in England requires a significant commitment to education and training, whether you aspire to be a barrister or a solicitor.
1. Becoming a Solicitor
Step 1: Complete a law degree or a graduate diploma in law (if your first degree is not in law).
Step 2: Take the Legal Practice Course (LPC), which includes practical skills and training in legal practice.
Step 3: Secure a training contract with a law firm, where you will gain practical experience for two years.
Step 4: After completing your training contract, you are eligible to become a qualified solicitor.
2. Becoming a Barrister
Step 1: Complete a law degree or the Graduate Diploma in Law (GDL) if you have a different undergraduate degree.
Step 2: Take the Bar Professional Training Course (BPTC), which prepares you for court advocacy.
Step 3: Complete a year of pupillage, during which you will work under the supervision of an experienced barrister.
Step 4: After pupillage, you can apply for tenancy at a set of chambers and begin representing clients in court.
Conclusion
In England, lawyers are called solicitors and barristers, with each group having specific roles within the legal system. Solicitors provide essential client-facing services, while barristers specialize in courtroom advocacy and complex litigation. Other legal professionals, such as legal executives, paralegals, and judges, also play critical roles in ensuring the legal system runs smoothly. Whether you're looking to become a lawyer in England or simply curious about the titles and roles, understanding the differences between solicitors, barristers, and other legal professionals will provide valuable insights into the English legal system.
